The cyber threat against marine aids to navigation

The purpose of this threat assessment is to inform Danish authorities and operators of marine aids to navigation of the cyber threat against marine aids to navigation. The assessment is to supplement the CFCS threat assessments: The cyber threat against the maritime industry and ports and The cyber threat against operational systems on ships.

Key assessment

• The threat from cyber attacks against marine aids to navigation is HIGH.
  For the purpose of this threat assessment, the term marine aids to navigation includes both special equipment and the authorities’ underlying IT infrastructure.

• Criminal hackers attack private companies and public authorities across society. They can also attack organizations and IT systems that deliver marine aids to navigation.
  
  
• Foreign states may also pose a threat to the systems. Foreign states may for instance have an interest in information on sailing patterns of military vessels
  and shipment of military equipment and supplies.
  
  
• In a conflict situation, foreign states may have an interest in manipulating or destroying the systems to disrupt navigation in Danish waters.

• Suppliers of equipment used as marine aids to navigation may be used as stepping stones for attacks against these systems.